Compress first, then connect
Complex content is not difficult because it contains many words. It is difficult because its relationships are hidden. Start by compressing sentences into movable keywords.
Keep four kinds of words:
- people — who participates
- objects — what is used or changed
- actions — what happens
- outcomes and unknowns — what changes and what remains uncertain
Then choose one of four relationships:

Find a paragraph of 80–120 words:
- remove adjectives and background detail
- circle no more than six keywords
- name the relationship between each pair
- draw only the three relationships that could change the conclusion